Earners of this badge have demonstrated a solid understanding of the essential aspects of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). They understand that the IMS is the control plane function used to establish and manage end-to-end multimedia sessions, including those subscribed to VoLTE services. They have considered the role of the functional elements used within IMS and are able to discusses user identities and the mechanism used to invoke application servers deployed as part of the IMS.