Earners can discuss the NFV MANO architecture and the role of SDN Controllers in realising NFV in practice. They know how Network Services are modelled, and the data relevant for each major component, including the VNF, Virtual Links, Service Flavours, Physical Network Functions, the VNF Forwarding Graph and Connection Points. Finally, can describe the way the NFV MANO Orchestrator uses the data to manage deployment of VNFs onto the NFV Infrastructure, using a 4G IMS MRF as an example.